Biomagnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is the increasing concentration of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in the tissues of organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain. This process occurs because the substance is often persistent, meaning it is not easily broken down, and is fat-soluble, so it accumulates in the fatty tissues of organisms.
The concept of biomagnification was first described in the mid-20th century with the publication of Rachel Carson's book "Silent Spring". The book documented the adverse effects of pesticides, such as DDT, on the environment, particularly on birds. The book brought to light the issue of biomagnification and its devastating consequences for wildlife.
Biomagnification is a major concern for environmental scientists and public health officials. It can have serious consequences for both wildlife and humans. For example, mercury biomagnification in fish can lead to high levels of mercury in people who consume them. Understanding biomagnification is crucial for managing the use of toxic chemicals and protecting the environment.